Smart Calculator

Conservation of Momentum Calculator

Conservation of Momentum Calculator

Calculate collision outcomes using conservation of momentum and energy principles. Supports elastic, inelastic, and general collisions with coefficient of restitution.

Collision Parameters
Enter object properties and collision type to calculate outcomes

Object 1

Object 2

Collision Results

Enter parameters and click Calculate to see results.

Understanding Collision Physics

Conservation Laws

All collisions conserve momentum: $$m_1u_1 + m_2u_2 = m_1v_1 + m_2v_2$$

Elastic collisions also conserve kinetic energy, while inelastic collisions convert some kinetic energy to other forms.

Collision Types

  • Elastic: Both momentum and kinetic energy conserved (e = 1)
  • Perfectly Inelastic: Objects stick together after collision (e = 0)
  • With Restitution: Coefficient e determines energy loss (0 ≤ e ≤ 1)
  • General: Solve for unknowns using momentum conservation

Example Calculation

Given: m₁ = 2 kg, u₁ = 4 m/s, m₂ = 3 kg, u₂ = 0 m/s, Elastic collision

Solution:

v₁ = ((2-3)×4 + 2×3×0)/(2+3) = -4/5 = -0.4 m/s
v₂ = ((3-2)×0 + 2×2×4)/(2+3) = 16/5 = 3.2 m/s
Initial KE = ½×2×4² = 16 J
Final KE = ½×2×(-0.4)² + ½×3×(3.2)² = 16 J ✓